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Contraception - emergency - Evidence
References

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The following references were cited in March 2007. References dated after this reflect new evidence incorporated since original publication of this topic.

  1. ABPI Medicines Compendium (2004a) Summary of product characteristics for Levonelle One Step. Electronic Medicines Compendium. Datapharm Communications Ltd. www.emc.medicines.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  2. ABPI Medicines Compendium (2004b) Summary of product characteristics for Levonelle 1500 microgram tablet. Electronic Medicines Compendium. Datapharm Communications Ltd. www.emc.medicines.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  3. ABPI Medicines Compendium (2004c) Summary of product characteristics for Cerazette 75 microgram film-coated tablet. Electronic Medicines Compendium. Datapharm Communications Ltd. www.emc.medicines.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  4. ABPI Medicines Compendium (2004d) Summary of product characteristics for Depo-Provera 150mg/ml injection. Electronic Medicines Compendium. Datapharm Communications Ltd. www.emc.medicines.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  5. ABPI Medicines Compendium (2007) Summary of product characteristics for Evra transdermal patch. Electronic Medicines Compendium. Datapharm Communications Ltd. www.emc.medicines.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  6. ABPI Medicines Compendium (2009) Summary of product characteristics for ellaOne 30mg. Electronic Medicines Compendium. Datapharm Communications Ltd. www.emc.medicines.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  7. Anderson, C. and Blenkinsopp, A. (2006) Community pharmacy supply of emergency hormonal contraception: a structured literature review of international evidence. Human Reproduction 21(1), 272-284. [Abstract] [Free Full-text]
  8. BMA and NHS Employers (2009) QOF changes and new indicators for 2009/10. British Medical Association. www.bma.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  9. Cheng, L., Gulmezoglu, A.M., Ezcurra, E. and van Look, P.F.A. (2004) Interventions for emergency contraception (Cochrane Review). The Cochrane Library. Issue 3. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. www.thecochranelibrary.com [Free Full-text]
  10. Creinin, M.D., Schlaff, W., Archer, D.F. et al. (2006) Progesterone receptor modulator for emergency contraception: a randomized controlled trial. Obstetrics & Gynecology 108(5), 1089-1097. [Abstract] [Free Full-text]
  11. Croxatto, H.B. (2003) Emergency contraception pills: how do they work? IPPF Medical Bulletin 36(6), 1-2.
  12. Croxatto, H.B., Brache, V., Pavez, M. et al. (2004) Pituitary-ovarian function following the standard levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive dose or a single 0.75-mg dose given on the days preceding ovulation. Contraception 70(6), 442-450. [Abstract]
  13. De Santis, M., Cavaliere, A.F., Straface, G. et al. (2005) Failure of the emergency contraceptive levonorgestrel and the risk of adverse effects in pregnancy and on fetal development: an observational cohort study. Fertility and Sterility 84(2), 296-299. [Abstract]
  14. DfES (2006) Teenage pregnancy: accelerating the strategy to 2010. Department for Education and Skills. www.everychildmatters.gov.uk [Free Full-text]
  15. DH (2002) Judicial review of emergency contraception. R v Secretary of State for Health (Defendant) & (1) Schering Health Care Ltd (2) Family Planning Association (Interested Parties), Ex Parte John Smeaton (on behalf of The Society for the Protection of Unborn Children) (Claimant). 2002 EWCH 610 (Admin), 2002, Crim LR 665. Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk
  16. DH (2004) Best practice guidance for doctors and health professionals on the provision of advice and treatment to young people under 16 on contraception, sexual and reproductive health. Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk [Free Full-text]
  17. DH (2006) Prescription cost analysis: England 2005. Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk [Free Full-text]
  18. Ellertson, C., Evans, M., Ferden, S. et al. (2003) Extending the time limit for starting the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception to 120 hours. Obstetrics & Gynecology 101(6), 1168-1171. [Abstract]
  19. Ellison, J., Thomson, A.J., Greer, I.A. and Walker, I.D. (2000) Drug points: apparent interaction between warfarin and levonorgestrel used for emergency contraception. British Medical Journal 321(7273), 1382. [Free Full-text]
  20. EMEA (2009) CHMP assessment report for Ellaone. European Medicines Agency. www.emea.europa.eu [Free Full-text]
  21. FFPRHC (2004a) FFPRHC guidance (October 2004): contraceptive choices for young people [Superseded]. Journal Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 30(4), 237-251. [Free Full-text]
  22. FFPRHC (2004b) FFPRHC guidance (July 2004). Contraceptive choices for breastfeeding women. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 30(3), 181-189. [Free Full-text]
  23. FFPRHC (2005a) Faculty statement from the CEU on a new publication: WHO selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use update. Missed pills: new recommendations. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 31(2), 153-155. [Free Full-text]
  24. FFPRHC (2005b) Faculty statement from the CEU on Levonelle 1500 and the use of liver enzyme inducing drugs. Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care. www.ffprhc.org.uk
  25. FFPRHC (2006a) UK medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use [Superseded]. Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care. www.ffprhc.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  26. FFPRHC (2006b) FFPRHC guidance (April 2006): emergency contraception. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 32(2), 121-128. [Free Full-text]
  27. FFPRHC (2007) Male and female condoms. Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care. www.ffprhc.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  28. FPA (2009) Your guide to the contraceptive patch. Family Planning Association. www.fpa.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  29. FSRH (2010) Quick starting contraception. Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare. www.ffprhc.org [Free Full-text]
  30. FSRH Clinical Effectiveness Unit (2009) New product review: Ulipristal acetate (ellaOne®). Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare. www.ffprhc.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  31. Glasier, A.F., Cameron, S.T., Fine, P.M. et al. (2010) Ulipristal acetate versus levongestrel for emergency contraception: a randomised non-inferiority trial and meta-analysis. Lancet 375(9714), 555-562. [Abstract]
  32. Grimes, D.A. and Raymond, E.G. (2002) Emergency contraception. Annals of Internal Medicine 137(3), 180-189. [Abstract] [Free Full-text]
  33. Grimes, D., von Hertzen, H., Piaggio, G. and van Look, P.F.A. (1998) Randomised controlled trial of levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception. Task Force on Postovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. Lancet 352(9126), 428-433. [Abstract]
  34. Health and Social Care Information Centre (2005a) NHS contraceptive services, England 2005-06: bulletin. Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk [Free Full-text]
  35. Health and Social Care Information Centre (2005b) NHS contraceptive services, England 2005-06: statistical tables. Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk [Free Full-text]
  36. HM Government (2006) Working together to safeguard children: a guide to inter-agency working to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. The Stationery Office. www.everychildmatters.gov.uk [Free Full-text]
  37. HRA Pharma (2010) ellaOne® black triangle (ulipristal acetate 30mg) emergency contraception: pregnancy registry. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. [Free Full-text]
  38. Lakha, F. and Glasier, A. (2006) Unintended pregnancy and use of emergency contraception among a large cohort of women attending for antenatal care or abortion in Scotland. Lancet 368(9549), 1782-1787. [Abstract]
  39. Mikolajczyk, R.T. and Stanford, J.B. (2005) A new method for estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraception that accounts for variation in timing of ovulation and previous cycle length. Fertility and Sterility 83(6), 1764-1770. [Abstract]
  40. Mohllajee, A.P., Curtis, K.M. and Peterson, H.B. (2006) Does insertion and use of an intrauterine device increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease among women with sexually transmitted infection? A systematic review. Contraception 73(2), 145-153. [Abstract]
  41. National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health (2005) Long-acting reversible contraception: the effective and appropriate use of long-acting reversible contraception (full NICE guideline). RCOG Press. www.nice.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  42. NHS Employers (2006) Annex 1: Quality and Outcomes Framework guidance 2006/07. NHS Employers. www.nhsemployers.org
  43. NICE (2007) One to one interventions to reduce the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV, and to reduce the rate of under 18 conceptions, especially among vulnerable and at risk groups. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  44. NICE (2009) When to suspect child maltreatment (NICE guideline). National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  45. Novikova, N., Weisberg, E., Stanczyk, F.Z. et al. (2007) Effectiveness of levonorgestrel emergency contraception given before or after ovulation. Contraception 75(2), 112-118. [Abstract]
  46. Office for National Statistics (2002) Contraception. Chapter 10. Living in Britain General Household Survey. National Statistics. www.statistics.gov.uk [Free Full-text]
  47. Polis, C.B., Schaffer, K., Blanchard, K. et al. (2005) Advance provision of emergency contraception for pregnancy prevention (Protocol for a Cochrane Review). The Cochrane Library. Issue 4. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. www.thecochranelibrary.com
  48. Pyper, C.M.M. and Knight, J. (2001) Fertility awareness methods of family planning: the physiological background, methodology and effectiveness of fertility awareness methods. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 27(2), 103-110.
  49. Raymond, E.G., Trussell, J. and Polis, C.B. (2007) Population impact of increased access to emergency contraceptive pills: a systematic review. Obstetrics & Gynecology 109(1), 181-188. [Abstract]
  50. Rodrigues, I., Grou, F. and Joly, J. (2001) Effectiveness of emergency contraceptive pills between 72 and 120 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 184(4), 531-537. [Abstract]
  51. RPSGB (2004) Practice guidance on the supply of emergency hormonal contraception as a pharmacy medicine. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. www.rpsgb.org.uk [Free Full-text]
  52. RPSGB (2006) Updated advice on EHC. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. www.rpsgb.org [Free Full-text]
  53. SIGN (2000) Management of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a national clinical guideline. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. www.sign.ac.uk [Free Full-text]
  54. Stanford, J.B. and Mikolajczyk, R.T. (2002) Mechanisms of action of intrauterine devices: update and estimation of postfertilization effects. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 187(6), 1699-1708. [Abstract]
  55. Steiner, M.J., Dalebout, S., Condon, S. et al. (2003) Understanding risk: a randomized controlled trial of communicating contraceptive effectiveness. Obstetrics & Gynecology 102(4), 709-717. [Abstract]
  56. Sterrick, M.J. (2006) Competence in children has a Scottish twist. British Medical Journal 332(7547), 975. [Free Full-text]
  57. Teenage Pregnancy Unit (2001) Guidance for the field social workers, residential social workers and foster carers providing information and referring young people to contraception and sexual health services. Department of Health. www.dcsf.gov.uk
  58. Trussell, J., Rodriguez, G. and Ellertson, C. (1998) New estimates of the effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception. Contraception 57(6), 363-369. [Abstract]
  59. Trussell, J., Rodriguez, G. and Ellerston, C. (1999) Updated estimates of the effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception. Contraception 59(3), 147-151. [Abstract]
  60. von Hertzen, H., Piaggio, G., Ding, J. et al. (2002) Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomised trial. Lancet 360(9348), 1803-1810. [Abstract]
  61. Wheeler, R. (2006) Gillick or Fraser? A plea for consistency over competence in children. British Medical Journal 332(7545), 807. [Free Full-text]
  62. WHO (2004a) Selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use. Second edition. World Health Organization. www.who.int [Free Full-text]
  63. WHO (2004b) Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use (third edition) [Superseded]. World Health Organization. www.who.int [Free Full-text]
  64. WHO (2005) Decision-making tool for family planning clients and providers: emergency contraception. World Health Organization. www.who.int [Free Full-text]
  65. Wilcox, A.J., Weinberg, C.R. and Baird, D.D. (1995) Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation - effects on the probability of conception, survival of the pregnancy, and sex of the baby. New England Journal of Medicine 333(23), 1517-1521. [Abstract] [Free Full-text]
  66. Wilcox, A.J., Dunson, D.B., Weinberg, C.R. et al. (2001) Likelihood of conception with a single act of intercourse: providing benchmark rates for assessment of post-coital contraceptives. Contraception 63(4), 211-215. [Abstract]

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