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Contraception - emergency - Management
What are the adverse effects of oral ulipristal acetate emergency contraception?
Safety data on ulipristal acetate are limited, but most adverse effects seem mild or moderate and resolve on their own.
- As yet there is little postmarketing experience with ulipristal acetate. It is a black triangle product, so all suspected adverse reactions should be reported to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) using the Yellow Card Reporting scheme.
- In one single arm, open-label study, undertaken to determine the efficacy of a single 30 mg dose of ulipristal acetate (n = 1533) [EMEA, 2009], the most common adverse effects reported were:
- Headaches (17% of women), nausea (12.2%) and abdominal pain (11.7%).
- Less common adverse effects were infections, mood disorders, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, muscle spasms, back pain, dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia and fatigue (between 1 in 100 women and 1 in 10 women).
- No serious adverse reactions were reported in the study and no subjects were discontinued from the study due to adverse reactions.
- In the same study, about 80% of women taking ulipristal acetate had their next period at the expected time or within 7 days.
- 6.1% experienced menses more than 7 days earlier than expected.
- 19.2% had a delay of more than 7 days beyond the anticipated onset of menses. This delay was more than 20 days in 5.1% of these women and more than 60 days in 0.5% of these women.
- Menstrual volume was reported as normal in 79% of the women in the study, 16% reported it as heavy, 5% as spotting.
- Very few women (8.7%) reported intermenstrual bleeding lasting an average of 2 days. The majority of these women (92%) reported the bleeding as spotting. Five women in the study reported a heavy intermenstrual bleed.
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