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Hypertension in pregnancy - Management
How should I follow up a woman with pre-eclampsia postpartum?

The following is a summary of secondary care management recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE).

  • The woman should not be discharged home until she has no symptoms of pre-eclampsia, her blood pressure is 149/99 mmHg or lower, and her blood tests are improving.
  • All women should be given a care plan that includes information about:
    • Who will provide follow-up care, including medical review if needed.
    • Frequency of blood pressure monitoring.
    • Thresholds for reducing or stopping treatment.
    • Indications for referral to primary care for blood pressure review.
    • Self-monitoring for symptoms of pre-eclampsia.
  • Women with pre-eclampsia who did not take antihypertensive treatment and have given birth and who have been discharged home will have:
    • Their blood pressure measured:
      • At least once between day 3 and day 5 after birth.
      • On alternate days until their blood pressure normalizes, if their blood pressure was abnormal between day 3 and day 5.
    • If blood tests are stable or improving but not in the normal range they will be repeated as clinically indicated.
    • The aim is to keep blood pressure lower than 140/90 mmHg.
    • Antihypertensive treatment will be started if blood pressure is 150/100 mmHg or higher.
  • Symptoms of pre-eclampsia, such as severe headache and epigastric pain, will be asked about each time blood pressure is measured.
  • Women with pre-eclampsia who took antihypertensive treatment and have given birth will have:
    • Their blood pressure measured every 1–2 days for up to 2 weeks after transfer to primary care until the woman is off treatment and has no hypertension.
      • If blood tests are stable or improving but not in the normal range, they will be repeated as clinically indicated.
      • The antihypertensive treatment used during the pregnancy will be continued, unless the woman has been taking methyldopa, which should be stopped 2 days postpartum because of the risk of depression. Antihypertensive treatment that the woman took before planning a pregnancy will be restarted unless there are contraindications to a particular drug because the woman is breastfeeding or is planning further pregnancies.
      • A reduction in antihypertensive treatment will be considered if their blood pressure falls below 140/90 mmHg.
      • Antihypertensive treatment will be reduced if their blood pressure falls below 130/80 mmHg.
    • Symptoms of pre-eclampsia, such as severe headache and epigastric pain, will be asked about each time blood pressure is measured.
  • Women with pre-eclampsia will be offered a medical review either in the community or at the hospital:
    • If they remain on antihypertensive treatment 2 weeks after transfer to community care.
    • At their post-natal review 6–8 weeks after the birth.
      • Women who still need antihypertensive medication at the time of this review should be offered a specialist assessment of their hypertension.
      • Perform dipstick testing of the urine. Women with 1+ proteinuria or more but normal blood pressure should be reviewed 3 months postpartum to assess kidney function and to consider referral to a renal specialist.

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